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El
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Default wine as a medicine - 1st March 2007

Boire chaque jour un peu d'alcool, surtout du vin, allonge la vie

Boire de l'alcool quotidiennement et modérément, surtout du vin rouge, augmenterait l'espérance de vie de plusieurs années chez les hommes d'âge mûr, selon une étude néerlandaise publiée mercredi aux Etats-Unis.

Cette recherche a été conduite pendant 40 ans (BIEN 40 ans) entre 1960 et 2000, dans la ville industrielle de Zutphen, dans l'est du pays, sur un groupe de 1.373 hommes nés entre 1900 et 1920 ayant été interrogés à sept reprises sur leur consommation d'alcool.

Les chercheurs ont découvert que ceux ayant régulièrement bu un peu moins d'un verre de vin par jour avait une espérance de vie de 3,8 ans plus grande que ceux s'étant abstenus de boire.

L'espérance de vie des buveurs de vin a été aussi de plus de deux ans supérieure à celle des participants ayant consommé d'autres boissons alcoolisées, montre l'étude publiée à la conférence annuelle sur les maladies cardiovasculaires organisée par l'American Heart Association cette semaine à Orlando (Floride, sud-est).

Les consommateurs d'alcool autre que du vin d'une quantité inférieure ou égale à 20 grammes par jour, ont eu une espérance de vie de 1,6 année plus grande que ceux n'ayant jamais bu de boisson alcoolisée.
Ces chercheurs ont aussi relevé que la proportion de personnes buvant de l'alcool a presque doublé dans le groupe sur quarante ans en passant de 45% en 1960 à 85% en 2000.

Le pourcentage des buveurs de vin est aussi passé de 2% en 1960 à plus de 40% en 2000.

"Les effets protecteurs de l'alcool en quantité modeste pourraient s'expliquer par un lien possible avec un accroissement des lipoprotéines à haute densité (HDL) ou le bon cholestérol et une moindre coagulation sanguine", a relevé Martinette Streppel.

En outre, les effets bénéfiques du vin rouge paraissent également s'expliquer par les polyphénoles qu'il contient, un anti-oxydant puissant qui s'est révélé très efficace dans une récente étude sur des souris pour neutraliser les effets néfastes d'un mauvais régime alimentaire sur le système cardiovasculaire.

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The notion that wine is protective against heart disease has become part of conventional wisdom. Many lay people see wine as different from other alcoholic beverages, rather than as one of them. By implication, the protective effect against heart disease is seen as a property of wine, rather than of alcohol in general.


Regular moderate drinking:

Results of the numerous studies of alcohol and coronary heart disease are remarkably consistent (for reviews, see Marmot 1984; Marmot and Brunner1991; Royal College of Physicians 1995; Rimm et al. 1996; Doll 1997;Fagrell et al. 1999; Corrao et al. 2000). The evidence suggests that the relation between alcohol and both coronary heart disease and stroke follows a U-shaped or L-shaped curve. In nearly all studies, the lowest risk of cardio-vascular and coronary heart disease was found among moderate drinkers. The risk is higher in non-drinkers.




The French paradox :

The hypothesis that wine protects against heart disease was originally proposed to explain the comparatively low mortality from coronary heart disease in France despite relatively high levels of known coronary risk factors, such as smoking, high blood pressure, cholesterol, fat intake or obesity (the ‘French paradox’). One proposed explanation was that the low rates of coronary heart disease are due to a high intake of wine (particularly red wine, which contains various substances with possible cardio-protective effects).Several studies based on international data on mortality rates and alcohol(wine) intake have supported this interpretation. Mortality from coronary heart disease was, in general, lower in countries with higher per capita intakes of alcohol, and the link with alcohol appears stronger for wine intake than for alcohol (ethanol) in general or for other beverages (LaPorte et al.1980; Criqui and Ringel 1994; Leger et al. 2002).

Wine: A Scientific Exploration
Edited by Merton Sandler Imperial College Medical School London, UK and Roger Pinder Organon Inc. USA
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El
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Default Chemicals Found in Wine - 1st March 2007

Solvents:
water
ethanol

Sugars:
glucose
fructose
rhamnose
sucrose
arabinose
xylose
pectin

Acids:
tartaric acid
malic acid
citric acid
succinic acid
lactic acid
acetic acid
formic acid
oxalic acid
pyruvic acid
butyric acid
isobutyric acid
hexanoic acid
octanoic acid
ketoglutaric acid
gluconic acid

Alcohols:
methanol
n-propanol
isopropanol
n-butanol
isobutanol
n-amyl alcohol
3-methylbutanol
2-methylbutanol
n-hexanol
2-phenyl ethanol
2,3-butandiol
glycerol
erythritol
xylitol
arabitol
mannitol
sorbitol
inositol

Aldehydes:
acetaldehyde
acetoin
diacetyl

Vitamins:
thiamin
riboflavin
pyridoxin
cobalamine
pantothenic acid
nicotinic acid
biotin
choline

Esters:
ethyl acetate
ethyl formate
propyl acetate
isopropyl acetate
isobutyl acetate
isoamyl acetate
phenylethyl acetate
ethyl propionate
ethyl valerate
ethyl hexanoate
ethyl octanoate
ethyl decanoate
ethyl lactate
ethyl succinate
methyl o-anthranilate
ethyl tartrate
diethyl tartrate
ethyl malate

Inorganic:
potassium
sodium
magnesium
calcium
lithium
iron
manganese
aluminum
zinc
rubidium
copper
lead
arsenic
nickel
phosphate
sulfate
sulfite
borate
silicate(s)
chloride
iodide
bromide
ammonium

Amino acids:
alanine
valine
leucine
isoleucine
serine
threonine
cystine
methionine
phenylalanine
tyrosine
proline
aspartic acid
glutamine
histidine
arginine
lysine
methyl isoleucine
ethyl alanine
ethyl valine
ethyl leucine
glutamic acid
aspartic acid
protiens and polypeptides
of the above


Some Phenolics:
galic acid
ellagic acid
coutaric acid
caftaric acid
fertaric acid
catechin
epicatechin
gallocatechin gallate
procyanidin
catechin catechin gallate
protocatechuic acid
vanillic acid
syringic acid
salicylic acid
gentisic acid
2-S-glutathionylcaftaric acid

Tannins:
cyanindin
delphinidin
peonidin
petunindin
malvidin
dimers, trimers, through decamers of the above


Terpines:
myrcene
limonene
geranial
neral
geraniol
nerol
linalool
alpha-terpinol
hotrienol
citronellol
3,7-dimethylocta-1,5-dien-3,7-diol
3,7-dimethylocta-1,7-dien-3,6-diol
3,7-dimethylocta-2,5-dien-3,7-diol
3,7-dimethyloct-1-en-3,7-diol
3,7-dimethylocta-2,7-dien-1,6-diol
3,7-dimethylocta-1,7-diol
3,7-dimethyloct-1-en-3,6,7-triol
cis-furan linalool oxide
trans-furan linaool oxide
cis-pyran linalool oxide
trans-pyran linaool oxide
6-O-alpha-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl citronellol
6-O-alpha-L-arabino-furanosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl citronellol
6-O-alpha-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl alpha-terpinol
6-O-alpha-L-arabino-furanosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl alpha-terpinol
6-O-alpha-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl linalool
6-O-alpha-L-arabino-furanosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl linalool
6-O-alpha-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl geraniol
6-O-alpha-L-arabino-furanosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl geraniol
6-O-alpha-L-rhamno-pyranosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl nerol
6-O-alpha-L-arabino-furanosyl-beta-D-gluco-pyranosyl nerol
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Default 2nd March 2007

Ogeorge, can you please tell us what those ingredients are about?
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Default 2nd March 2007

a glass of wine a day keeps the doctor away

a glass of wine a day has cardioprotective effects...

the exact mechanism is still not yet known
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