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Default 4th November 2008

Armored Against Turmoil, Lebanon Lures Investors

By ROBERT F. WORTH
Published: October 28, 2008
NY Times

BEIRUT, Lebanon — As financial panic spreads across the globe, some investors are moving their money to an unlikely place: Lebanon.

This small country, chronically battered by war, turns out to have a banking sector that has so far been a beacon of stability and growth. Its banks are posting record profits, aided by conservative central bank policies, skillful management and money from Lebanese expatriates.

Lebanon’s very instability — its 15-year civil war and frequent political crises — appears to have bred the banking sector’s fiscal prudence, analysts say.

Three years ago the central bank here barred investments in derivatives and other structured financial products, giving banks virtual immunity to the widening financial contagion. The banks here have done little borrowing on international markets. Deposits account for about 83 percent of their assets, making them among the most liquid in the world.

“The banks here are used to turmoil,” said Nassib Ghobril, the head of economic research and analysis for Byblos Bank, the country’s third largest. “Since the end of the civil war in 1990, there has been no loss of deposits, and there’s great confidence in the sector.”

As of August, the money flowing into deposits grew 16 percent over 2007 — itself a record year. Lebanon had no working government for most of that period, and at times seemed to be on the verge of civil war.

Those inflows appear to be rising further. The central bank released statistics showing that it increased its foreign assets by $572 million in the first two weeks of October, possibly a sign that foreign deposits are growing.

Lebanon has also attracted the hedge fund industry, which has until now focused more on Persian Gulf markets. “We consider the well-capitalized Lebanese banks as safe as the safer banks in the gulf,” said Florence Eid, the regional managing director for Passport Capital, a hedge fund based in San Francisco.

An added asset is Lebanon’s often wealthy expatriates. About 4 million Lebanese live in the country, but an estimated 12 million live abroad, and many send money home and invest in real estate. The total of such remittances is expected to top last year’s, $5.5 billion, one of the world’s highest per capita rates.

Partly for that reason, banks here have grown so large that they dwarf the national economy. Lebanese bank assets are about $100 billion, in a country with a $25 billion gross domestic product, said Marwan Barakat, in charge of research at Bank Audi, the country’s largest lender.

This growth has allowed the banks to expand internationally. Bank Audi, for example, now has branches in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria, Qatar and Sudan.

The continued growth here is probably also related to some modest good news in politics. In May, after 18 months of deadlock, Lebanon’s warring factions agreed to a compromise. So far, the deal seems to be holding. But the banks are also doing their part, holding much of Lebanon’s $45.4 billion public debt.

“In this crisis, governments in the U.S., Europe and elsewhere have been stepping in to rescue their banking sectors,” Mr. Ghobril said. “Whereas in Lebanon the sector is so large it has been supporting the state for years.”

Souad Mekhennet contributed reporting.

This news about our solid banks is a breath of fresh air for our little country, our banls are strong and the world has taken note, lets hope it translates into more foreign investement into our system thus improving the lives of Lebanese.
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Default 17th November 2008




الآثار غير المباشرة للأزمة المالية تظهر بتراجع نمو الودائع إلى ٢٨٠ مليون دولار في أيلول

عدنان الحاج

[...]

٢ ـ تراجع نمو الودائع المصرفية

لكن هذا الكلام لا يعني ان الاثار المحدودة لم تظهر على القطاع المالي، بدليل بسيط هو ان نمو الودائع خلال الشهرين الاخيرين جاء اقل من معدلات الثلثين الاول والثاني من العام الحالي، باعتبار ان نتائج الازمة العالمية بدأت بالظهور في الخارج اعتباراً من شهر ايلول الماضي .

مع كل ذلك استطاع القطاع المصرفي ان يحافظ على معدلات نمو كبيرة في الودائع والموجودات والارباح، وهي معدلات فاقت نتائج السنوات الماضية بشكل ملحوظ يمكن التوقف عند بعضها:

1- بداية يمكن التوقف عند ارباح القطاع المصرفي حتى نهاية الفصل الثالث من هذا العام، فقد بلغت ارباح القطاع ما مجموعه ٨٧١ مليون دولار في تسعة اشهر، مقابل حوالى ٥٩٥ مليون دولار للفترة ذاتها من العام ،٢٠٠٧ أي بزيادة قدرها ٢٧٦ مليون دولار ونسبتها ٤٦,٣٩ في المئة. مع الاشارة هنا الى ان الزيادة كانت في نهاية شهر آب مقارنة مع آب من العام ٢٠٠٧ كانت بلغت ٢٩٨ مليون دولار بما نسبته ٥٨,٣ في المئة .

هذه الاشارة الايجابية تؤكد ثبات معدلات الارباح، ولو تأثرت بعض الشيء في ايلول.

يشار هنا الى ان معدلات الارباح في بعض المصارف، وحسب الميزانيات المعلنة، فاقت الـ١٠٠في المئة، كما حصل مع بنك سوسيتيه جنرال، الذي بلغت ارباحه حسب نتــائج الفصل الثالث حوالى ٣١ مليون دولار، مقابل اقل من ١٥ مليــون دولار في نهاية ابلول .٢٠٠٧ كذلك الامر بالنسبة لبنك بيروت الذي زادت ارباحه اكثر من ٧٣ في المئة مقارنة مع ابلول من العام .٢٠٠٧

اما المصارف الكبرى المتصدرة لائحة القطاع المصرفي، فقد بلغت نسبة نمو ارباحها بين ٣٠ في المئة، لكل من مصرفي عودة وبيبلوس، وحوالى ٣٤ في المئة لبنك لبنان والمهجر. مع الاشارة الى ان هناك مصارف صغيرة ومتوسطة حققت زيادات في الارباح وصلت الى ٥٠ في المئة تقريباً، ولكن حصتها صغيرة من حجم السوق .

2- النقطة الثانية الاساسية هي ان حجم الودائع بلغ في نهاية ايلول ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه ٧٥,١٣٠ مليار دولار، مقابل حوالى ٧٥,٠٣٣مليار دولار لنهاية اب من العام الحالي. وهذا يعني ان الودائع زادت حوالى ١٢٧ مليون دولار فقط خلال شهر ايلول وحده، وهذه نسبة قليلة مقارنة مع حركة الودائع الشهرية السابقة لشهر ايلول، والتي فاقت ما معدله ٨٠٠ مليون دولار. وهذا التراجع من مؤشرات انعكاس الازمة على التحويلات وحركة الودائع .


٣ ـ عودة يتصدر بنمو الودائع والموجودات

وفي هذا الاطار، شهدت وضعية موجودات المصارف العشرة الاولى بعض التطورات والتغييرات، خلال الاشهر الاخيرة من العام الحالي، والفصل الثالث من العام ،٢٠٠٨ على الرغم من الوضع السياسي والامني السائد في البلاد من جهة، وتطورات الازمة المالية العالمية وانعكاساتها على الاسواق الدولية والعربية والاسيوية من جهة ثانية. ولكن هذا الوضع غير بعض الترتيب في لائحة القطاع، واظهر منافسة كبيرة على الصدارة بين مجموعتي بنك عوده وبنك لبنان والمهجر.

وتفيد الاحصاءات من داخل الميزانية وخارجها ان مجموعة بنك عوده ـ سرادار استطاعت من خلال الخطوات التوسعية الخارجية وبرغم الازمة العالمية ، خصوصاً من حيث اجمالي الموجودات والودائع، تخطي الموجودات لدى مجموعة لبنان والمهجر »بلوم«، بالرغم من بقاء الاخيرة في صدارة الترتيب من حيث بعض النشاطات.

اشارة أيضا الى ان بعض المصارف الكبرى استطاعت خلال الفصل الثالث من السنة اجتذاب اكثر من ملياري دولار خلال فترة قياسية وجيزة، قبل استفحال الازمة في الخارج، وهي التي حسنت نتائج الميزانيات المجمعة حتى نهاية ابلول.

في المقابل، برزت مؤخراَ خطوات جدية لبعض المصارف الاخرى، وفي مقدمها بنك سوسيتيه جنرال، من خلال زيادة الراسمال والبحث عن توسيع الخدمات، سعياً وراء تحقيق تقدم بين المصارف الاولى، لا سيما بعدما تمت عملية استرداد الاسهم التي اشترتها مجموعة فرنسبنك بصفقة قيمتها حوالى ٨٤ مليون دولار، بما جعل نبيل وانطوان صحناوي يملكان غالبية الاسهم، بدعم المساهم الفرنسي حسب مصادر مصرفية مطلعة، مما سيساعد على تحقيق خطوات توسعية قريبة.

كذلك فعل بنك بيروت الذي يتوسع كثيراً في نشاطه الخارجي وهو ما حسن نمو ربحيته المعلنة والبالغة حوالى ٧٣ في المئة مقارنة مع العام الماضي.

وفي قراءة لتطورات ارقام الموجودات حتى ايلول من العام ٢٠٠٨ يتضح الترتيب الاتي:

1- سجلت الميزانية المجمعة لمجموعة بنك عوده - سرادار في نهاية شهر ايلول من العام ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه ١٩,٩٥٥مليار دولار بزيادة قدرها حوالى ٢٦٣٧,٤ مليون دولار منذ بداية العام بما نسبته حوالى ١٥,٢ في المئة وهي كانت في نهاية الثلث الاول من السنة حوالى ١٨ مليار دولار. اما الودائع فقد بلغت في نهاية ايلول ما مجموعه ١٦,٧مليار دولار بزيادة قدرها حوالى ٢٤٣٧ مليون دولار عن بداية العام أي بما نسبته ١٧ في المئة .

2- في المقابل، بلغت الميزانية المجمعة، او موجودات مجموعة بنك لبنان والمهجر في نهاية ايلول ما مجموعه ١٧,٨مليار دولار بزيادة حوالى ١١٧٢,٦ مليون دولار منذ بداية العام بما نسبته ٧,١ في المئة. وكانت هذه الموجودات في نهاية نيسان حوالى ١٦,٧ مليار دولار. بعدما كانت سجلت في اواسط العام الماضي ٢٠٠٧ ما مجموعه ١٥,٢ مليار دولار تقريباً.. اما نمو الودائع في بنك لبنان والمهجر فبلغ حوالى ١٣٤٨,٤ مليون دولار بما نسبته ٩,٨ في المئة منذ بداية العام. اللافت هنا ان ودائع لبنان والمهجر زادت بين حزيران ٢٠٠٨ وايلول الماضي حوالى ٢١٨,٥ مليون دولار مقابل زيادة لبنك عودة بلغت حوالى ١١٧٨ مليون دولار وهذا ما احدث الفارق الاساسي .

3- وعاد بنك بيبلوس الى المرتبة الثالثة من حيث الموجودات متقدماً على بنك ميد الذي كان في المرتبة الثالثة مع نهاية الفصل الثاني من السنة. فقد بلغت قيمة الموجودات في بنك بيبلوس حوالى ١٠,٩ مليارات دولار بزيادة قدرها حوالى ١٣٦١مليون دولار منذ بداية العام وبنمو نسبته حوالى ١٤,٣ في المئة ، فقد حافظت موجوداته على معدلات نموها الملحوظة، بعدما كانت هذه الموجودات في نهاية شهر حزيران ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه ١٠,٢ مليارات.
اشارة الى ان ودائع بنك بيبلوس بلغت حوالى ٨,٠٣٨ مليارات دولار بزيادة قدرها ٧٨٣ مليون دولار منذ بداية العام بما نسبته ١٠,٨ في المئة.

4- تراجعت موجودات مجموعة البحر المتوسط التي اعادت هيكلة ادارة ونشاط المصرف باتجاه تفعيله، بنسبة متفاوتة خلال الاشهر الاخيرة بفعل التزامات تمويل بعض العمليات الاقتصادية في الخارج. فقد بلغت هذه الموجودات حوالى ١٠,٤٠٠مليار دولار، بعدما كانت وصلت الى حوالى ١١ ملياراً في نهاية نيسان من العام الحالي. وهذه الموجودات كانت وصلت في اواسط العام الماضي الى حوالى ٩,١ مليارات دولار.

5- وجاءت مجموعة فرنسبنك من بين المصارف التي تتمسك بالمحافظة على استقرار نمو موجوداتها، هذا من دون احتساب عملية تملك البنك اللبناني للتجارة التي تمت في السنة الماضية. فقد بلغت موجودات فرنسبنك في نهاية الشهر التاسع من العام ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه حوالى ٨,٢ مليارات دولار، في حين كانت هذه الموجودات حوالى ٧,٣ مليارات دولار في نهاية العام ٢٠٠٧ أي بزيادة قدرها حوالى ٩٠٠ مليون دولار منذ نهاية العام .٢٠٠٧

6- بلغت موجودات البنك اللبناني الفرنسي في نهاية ايلول ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه ٦,٥ مليارات دولار، وهي كانت في نيسان ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه حوالى ٦,٤ مليارات دولار، أي بزيادة قدرها حوالى ١٠٠ مليون دولار في خلال الاشهر الخمسة الاخيرة .

7- تخطت موجودات بنك بيروت في نهاية شهر ايلول من العام ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه ٥,٦ مليارات دولار ، وهي كانت بلغت في صيف العام الماضي حوالى ٥ مليارات دولار، بعدما كانت في الشهر الاول من العام نفسه ما مجموعه ٤,٧ مليارات، اي بزيادة قدرها حوالى المليار دولار منذ بداية .٢٠٠٧ اما النتيجة الابرز لبنك بيروت فكانت في تزايد نمو الارباح التي فاقت ٧٣ في المئة في تسعة اشهر من العام الحالي مقارنة مع الفترة ذاتها من العام الماضي.

8- وبلغت موجودات بنك الاعتماد اللبناني حتى نهاية ايلول من العام ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه ٤,٣ مليارات دولار، في مقابل حوالى ٤,١ مليارات دولار في نيسان من العام الحالي أي بزيادة قدرها حوالى ٢٠٠ مليون دولار خلال الاشهر الاخيرة

9- زادت موجودات البنك اللبناني الكندي بشكل ثابت خلال الاشهر التسعة الماضية حيث بلغت حوالى ٤ مليارات دولار، مقابل حوالى ٣,٦ مليارات في نهاية شهر نيسان من العام الحالي أي بزيادة قدرها حوالى ٤٠٠ مليون دولار في غضون خمسة اشهر. وهي كانت في صيف ٢٠٠٧ ما مجموعه ٣,١ مليارات دولار.

10- اما موجودات بنك سوسيتيه جنرال فقد شهدت تطوراً خلال الاشهر الاخيرة حيث من المتوقع ان تضاعف الارباح خلال العام ٢٠٠٨ عن العام الماضي بعدما شهدت تغييرات اساسية في الاداء الاداري وتغير تركيبة الملكية والتحضير لخطوات توسعية في لبنان والخارج مع تنويع الخدمات. فقد بلغت الموجودات في نهاية ايلول من العام ٢٠٠٨ ما مجموعه ٣,٣١٠ مليارات بعدما كانت في نيسان حوالى ٣,٢ مليارات دولار أي بزيادة قدرها حوالى ١٠٠ مليون دولار منذ في اربعة اشهر .

يشار الى ان موجودات ثلاثة او اربعة مصارف كبرى فقط زاد خلال الاشهر القليلة الماضية من العام الحالي، وتحديداً خلال الاشهر الاخيرة منه، اكثر من ملياري دولار، بعضها من مساهمات اجنبية وعربية، اضافة الى المساهمات المحلية ونتائج التوسع في الخارج.

تبقى ملاحظة اخيرة وهي ان نمو القطاع المصرفي شكل الركن الاساس في فائض ميزان المدفوعات، الذي بلغ حتى الان حوالى ٢٠٣٤ مليون دولار مقابل حوالى ٢٩٠ مليوناً للفترة ذاتها من العام الماضي، برغم ضعف المالية العامة.

وهذا بفضل استمرار التحويلات من العاملين في الخارج بحولى ٥ مليارات دولار حتى ايلول وكذلك بفعل الاستثمارات العقارية والسياحية العربية واللبنانية غير المقيمة والمقيمة من جهة ثانية .

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Arrow 6th December 2008

BBC - Dec 5, 2008Lebanon 'immune' to financial crisis

By Natalia Antelava
BBC News, Beirut

The world maybe in meltdown but Beirut is booming. The country best known for wars, turmoil and instability has not just survived the global financial crisis, it seems to be thriving because of it.

Deep down in the basement of Lebanon's Central bank treasury vaults are full. Cash has been flowing in like never before, Lebanese banks are posting record deposits and bankers say this is the best year in Lebanon's financial history.

According to the country's chief banker all of this is because while the world was shocked when in September the banking giants began to wobble, Lebanon was prepared.

"I saw the crisis coming and I told the commercial banks in 2007 to get out of all international investments related to the international markets", says Riad Salameh, the governor of Lebanon's Central Bank.
You could have thought they had a crystal ball
Edward Gardner
International Monetary Fund
There is a tradition of conservative regulation at the Central Bank in Lebanon, which kept the banks safe.

Banks weren't allowed to take on too much debt and they had to have at least 30% of their assets in cash.

They were not allowed to speculate in risky packages of bundled up debts.

And weak banks were forced to merge with bigger ones before they got into trouble.

"You could have thought they had a crystal ball. It was very wise of the Lebanese regulators not to get involved in all these risky international investments that turned out to be the doom of many banking systems," says Edward Gardner of the International Monetary Fund.

Well tested system

But Lebanon's conservative policies are not just thanks to the wisdom of its chief banker. Mr Salameh says that in Lebanon's high risk political environment he did not have much choice.

I think I've proved my point... I believe that this wild extension of credit, these high leverages in order to get more profits into financial institutions were against the very nature of banking
Riad Salameh
Governor of Lebanon's Central Bank
"The system we created has been tested against wars, against instability, against political assassinations. And our sector would be much more developed if Lebanon did not have political and security risks, but it has also induced us to have a conservative reflex because we were always getting ready for the worst case scenario," says Mr Salameh.

This conservative reflex has also spared Lebanon the housing crash that the rest of the world is going through.

Commercial property developer Karim Basil showed me around one of his latest projects - a spectacular ultra-modern and brightly lit apartment in the heart of Beirut's historic district.

Mr Basil says that getting loans here is never easy. The banks will only lend him 60% of what he needs and they want cast iron guarantees that he can repay.

"Its not always good for business," says Mr Basil, "but it does eliminate speculation and it also keeps prices stable."

Government debt

But the tight reign on borrowing does not apply to the government.

Over the years, Lebanon has taken on loan after loan for post war reconstruction. Today, per capita, Lebanon owes more than any other country in the world.

On paper this makes it vulnerable, but the political realities of the Middle East mean that danger is unlikely ever to materialise.
When I went to get my first mortgage in London, I never met my bank manager. Banking should once again become a personal relationship between the customer and the bank manager
Faddy Abboud
Lebanon's Industrialist Association
"This level of public debt has created serious problems for other countries, but the difference is that there is a perception that Lebanon has friends with very deep pockets who will not let it go down financially," says Edward Gardner of the IMF.

"This was demonstrated in 2006 war with Israel, when both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia were very quick to deposit large sums of money into the Central Bank to help it to remain stable," Mr Gardner added.

But Lebanon could still feel the aftershocks of the credit crunch.

Every year, thousands of highly educated young people from Lebanon go to work abroad. With some 12 million Lebanese overseas and only 3.5 million in the country, remittances make up a vital third of the economy.

Remittances hit

There are concerns that as recession bites elsewhere, Lebanese abroad will start sending less money home. But unlike elsewhere, the savings they have already deposited should be safe.

"We know that our savings are safe, and this strength of the banking sector is a great push for the industry here," says Faddy Abboud, the head of Lebanon's Industrialist Association.

Mr Abboud has many complaints about the government handling of the economy, which he describes as a web of monopolies riddled by corruption. But when it comes to banking, Mr Abboud says Lebanon got it right.

"When I went to get my first mortgage in London, I never met my bank manager. Banking should once again become a personal relationship between the customer and the bank manager and I think there are many lessons for the world to learn from Lebanese banks," Mr Abboud says.

Riad Salameh of the Central Bank, who in the past was often criticised for his conservative approach, feels vindicated.

"I think I've proved my point," he says. "I have personally been stubborn about keeping a very conservative approach to banking, as I believe that this wild extension of credit, these high leverages in order to get more profits into financial institutions were against the very nature of banking."

As the night falls, the dance floor of the Casino, one of Beirut's many glitzy nightclubs, is full.

The rest of the world is now being forced to sober up after the wild excesses of the global markets, but here the party's on.

The Lebanese are a nation of survivors, who have paid a heavy price for the fortunes they are reaping now. Through their troubles they have learned how to party as if tomorrow will never come, but also, against the odds, how to bank for their future.
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Default 8th December 2008

World Bank expert warns Lebanon can't dodge global crisis forever
Slowdown will start differently than elsewhere, but it will come

By Dana Halawi
Special to The Daily Star
Saturday, December 06, 2008



BEIRUT: Lebanon is going to experience a decline in economic activity which may affect the financial capacity of the banking sector in the near future, the World Bank's lead economist for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) said Thursday. "The impact of the crisis in Lebanon is going to start first in the real economy then move to the banking sector - unlike what happened in the United States, Europe and the Gulf region where the stock market was first hit - because Lebanon's economy is mostly dependant on tourism receipts, remittances and on exports to some extent," Auguste Tano Kouame told The Daily Star.

These remarks came on the sidelines of a seminar organized by the Lebanese American University (LAU) and hosted by the World Bank office in Lebanon and the Lebanese Economic Association to discuss the impact of the financial crisis on Arab capital markets.

A number of officials and economists have expressed similar fears in recent days and some of them even warned that many of the Lebanese working in the oil-rich Gulf states may lose their jobs if the recession affects businesses in general.

Lebanon heavily depends on remittances and tourism receipts to bolster its economy and its balance of payments.

The seminar also examined the structure of Arab capital markets and the measures that can be taken by Arab governments to best address the negative impact of the crisis.

Kouame began his lecture with a brief about the capital-market structure in the MENA region, saying that debt securities continued to play a relatively small role in 2007, with a 4.8 percent of the total size of capital markets, compared to bank assets (45.5 percent) and stock market capitalization (49.7 percent).

According to the World Bank statistics, MENA stock markets are dominated by two regional giants: Saudi Arabia, with a market share of 59.7 percent, and Egypt at 16.1 percent.

Kouame said that the Gulf has been significantly affected because its is more integrated with the global capital market than other regions.

"Gulf countries were affected as global investors were removing liquidity that they had put in those countries to compensate for the loss they had incurred in developed countries," he explained.

However, he said that the governments in the Gulf region were lucky to be able to step in and inject liquidity not only to stabilize capital markets and protect the banking sector but also to support the real economy.

"Luckily the Arab capital market has been seriously hit in countries that have enough resources to respond," he said.

Kouame added that the capital markets in some countries such as Egypt and Jordan were hit in significant way, while others, such as Lebanon and Tunisia, haven't suffered much since their markets make up only 1.3 and 0.6 percent of the MENA total.

A report prepared in November 2008 by Rasmala, a leading regional investment banking firm, said that Egypt, which has the largest regional equity market outside the Gulf Cooperation Council member states, lost a further 11 percent over the month, taking its 2008 loss to 60 percent, while Jordan's total loss is 24 percent.

According to Kouame, the impact of the crisis on debt is reflected by the difficulties caused by increased reliance on syndicated external financing of major projects, while the visible impact on banks has been limited so far but some may have suffered writedowns on their investments in international banks or in foreign currencies.

Kouame also proposed action plans that can be taken by Arab governments to reduce the negative impact of the crisis, saying that they should have a good understanding of the potential weaknesses in the financial sector.

He added that the governments should maintain good fiscal discipline by avoiding heavy borrowing from the financial sector because credit costs have increased all over the world and they may not find enough liquidity since credit markets have frozen.

Instead, Kouame recommended that those Arab governments which are currently short on reserves should turn to international financial institutions to help them finance investments capable of generating employment and growth.

"Arab governments can also use fiscal resources to help the poor through safety net programs so that they can continue to survive in this economy and consume," he explained, "because as consumers they can generate economic activities for the continuous demands for goods and services that are produced in the economy."
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Default 8th December 2008

In The Bekaa Valley Lebanon sits on a wealth of enormous scale. If worse turns to worst, activate the land, let the west pay a good deal for the product that generates happiness for them, lay back, collect the remittances and enjoy the ride. Rain or shine, credit crunch or excess credit the demand for the Bekaa valley happy product will overcome any fnanical crisis no matter what.

Morality should never stand in the way of sound business management. It never has.
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Default 19th December 2008

Quote:
Originally Posted by shadow1 View Post
In The Bekaa Valley Lebanon sits on a wealth of enormous scale. If worse turns to worst, activate the land, let the west pay a good deal for the product that generates happiness for them, lay back, collect the remittances and enjoy the ride. Rain or shine, credit crunch or excess credit the demand for the Bekaa valley happy product will overcome any fnanical crisis no matter what.

Morality should never stand in the way of sound business management. It never has.
That is what I always tell people
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Default What should Lebanon do to face the economic crisis - 24th December 2008

I hear a lot of people saying that Lebanon will not be harmed by the worldwide economic crisis, and I also hear people saying the opposite. But the question remains, whether Lebanon will be hit or not, what should the government do in order to face this kind of situation?
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Default 24th December 2008

Quote:
Originally Posted by Robin Hood View Post
I hear a lot of people saying that Lebanon will not be harmed by the worldwide economic crisis, and I also hear people saying the opposite. But the question remains, whether Lebanon will be hit or not, what should the government do in order to face this kind of situation?
I'm no expert, but when people say these things I think they mean that Lebanon would not be hit by internal economic deficiencies. Of course, as all small countries, it will bear the repercussions of the international crisis. So it will be hit indirectly, not directly...

As to your second question, I wonder when the government has ever intervened in the economy... It has never done so, so why should it start now? Lebanon's economic policies are considered amongst the most liberal in the world...
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