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Originally Posted by Stella23 Can anybody debate the influence of KSA on economic and financial life of Lebanon? I doubt that. Then how can anybody assume that KSA has no influence on the politics of Lebanon? Surely it has. Why would then Siniora pay visits so often to the king, and discuss the internal politics of Lebanon with him? Dont you think that the king gives even some guidlines to Siniora through some economic decisions? I guess we all know that the major decisions are always driven by economic interests.
Of course it would be the best if Lebanon could remain independent from any foreign interferences or factors, but taking into consideration the regional situation, it is impossible in the near future. However the question is how successfully can Lebanon handle these foreign factors, and even benefit from them, rather than becoming dependent on them?
I would like to know since when has KSA considerable influence on Lebanon? I know it had some influence way before Taif, since 1975, when it has acted as a mediator. Can we mark the beginning of the civil war as the beginning of KSA interests in Lebanon, or has it begun even earlier? |
Stella before 75 that "influence" was mainly for the Palestinian cause and their presence in Lebanon and the fight against Israel etc. The Kingdom funded the PLO who operated out of Lebanon.
Saudi Arabia did not historically have direct influence in Lebanon, however major was their influence. Their influence was rather on Syria and before 1975 The Kingdom was for the project of Big Syria and their main interest was establish economic relations and strenghthen the Arab League.
Its a very complicated story as many in the middle east; but the Arab League project was pushed by Anthony Aiden, the British foreign secretary at the time (1945) and the countries involved were: KSA, Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan & Yemen. And it wasn't due to the deep need within the Arabs to unite, rather the British's deep need for them to form an alliance of some sort that would give the British two advantages:
1. Create an Arab coalition that is loyal to them and avoid any major power of taking over in the Arabian Peninsula in the future.
2. It facilitates negotiation with ONE body versus many little countries...
Proof is in the pudding; if the Arab League was a "United we stand" kinda initiative, it would be far more efficient and effective than it has been...
In 1950, Saudi Arabia extended its first commercial aggreement with Syria, and to motivate them, offerred them a BIG initiation bonus. The Saudi's prior to that were VERY busy with tribal issues, Ottomans, Brits, etc.
Once a nation formed, their peers were Syria, Lebanon, Egypt etc. societies with a lot of intellect, history & a culture that is different from the Persian Gulf ones, hence, why they felt they needed to incentivise (business word not in dictionnary) the Syrians to work with them through a gesture of good
Arabic will (the bonus).
In the older days, Egypt was aggressive to the first Saudi state (i'm not sure of the year, in the 1930's I think...) so within the first Arab league in 1950, Syria seemed to be a major power broker and an example of some sort to the Saudis about modern arabism etc.
Their involvement in Lebanon was therefore eventually through Syria, and that brings us to the intersection of where when Hariri intervened in 1989 and setup the Al-Taif meeting using his Saudi contacts, their power broker (the Saudi's) was Syria. Hariri needed that thread to start his own work but not because he liked the Syrians (I think), but needed them at the time. However, he did not fail to enforce a Syrian withdrawal timetable - never done before- in the Al Taif accord. and the last proof, when he went to enforce it, he rested in Peace.
Saudi Arabia did not have an 'active' role of planning and strategising like Israel or Syria did let alone good ol uncle Sam, but they were being used well by the appropriate power brokers in the regions, appropiately.
On the business investment side, it's an individual choice - no Saudi plan persae. To understand this, you need to understand how they work within the Kingdom.
WiseCookie's comment about the King ordering no more business with Lebanon, and maybe through the clergy is simply not realistic.
There is an organization in Saudi Arabia that enforces the Kor'an and that the Royal Family has no control over.. They cannot. There are Princes who open shopping malls where young ppl eventually hang out to meet coz there's nothing else, and those "clergy" just barge in and arrest ppl etc.
They ("clergy") also impose prayor times and stores close. Lots of selling time lost, Royal family can do nothing about.
Let alone Saudi Arabia's issues on the Yemen border, where most of the fututre oil wells will be, and those borders have only been traced recently (10 years ago or so). Pleasing the west & the UN always had its purpose for them (Royal Family) - the source of their wealth, oil, gold, etc. While not necessarily the interest of the Saudi people who follow the "clergy" or what is called only in Arabic so sorry Bots! "jam3iyyat al Amr bel Ma3roof Wal nahi 3an al mounkar". They only have their title in Arabic Stella so sorry :) (Translation might be: Organisation for ordering the teachings on ppl, and forbid them from what is not allowed)...

huh?
All to say that on a strategic/political level, up to 1975 they really didn't have enough gumption yet to have considerable influence in our region except send money to Palestinians in support of their cause. The strategic/politcal matters were directed by PLO-Syria-Iran-Israel-US-USSR and company ;)
Today, they are even weaker politically; only individual private interest is active in Lebanon; a water they are simply addicted to just like many non-lebanese who drank from it and Love lebanon
